Pin and tumbler mechanism



Nov. 2, w37' \H H KISTNER 2,098,048

PIN AND TUMBLER MEGHANISM Filed- Nov. 9, 1955 Patented Nov. 2, 1937 Unire STATES PIN AND TUMBLER MECHANISM Herman H.'Kistner, Baltimore, Md., assigner to Klstner Lock and Appliance Company, Baltimore, Md., a corporation of Maryland Applicaties November 9, i935, serial No. 49,085

` Claims.

This invention relates to bolt locks 'of the push pull type wherein the bolt is pushed in and deadlocked by dierent movements of the key, and aims to improve the deadlocking mechanism.

The invention further aims to adapt the pin and tumbler type of barrel to the push pull type of lock, so as to enable the advantages of this type of barrel and tumbler mechanism to be secured in the push pull type of sliding bolt lock.

10 Further objects and advantages of the invention appear hereinafter in the description of the illustrative embodiment thereof shown in the drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is a part side elevation and part axial cross-section on the line I I in Fig. 2, of a sliding bolt lock shown'as applied to an inwardly opening door or window, showing the bolt in unlocked position;

. Fig. 2 is a transverse cross-section of the same,

on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1, showing the key in place ready to turn preparatory to pushing it in to move the bolt to locking position;

Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 1 showing the bolt deadlocked in locking position;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View of the lock and bolt as shown in Fig. 3,'on the line 4 4 in Fig. 3, `showing `the tumbler mechanism as it appears after the key has been removed;

, Fig. 5 is an axial cross-section of the same on the line 5 5 in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a transverse cross-section of the bolt and locking mechanism as shown in unlocked position, on the line 6 6 in Fig. 1;

, Fig. 'l is a lengthwise cross-section of the hous- 55 ing on the line 1 7 in Fig. 2, showing the outline of the bolt and sleeve superimposed thereon in dotted lines; and

Fig. 8 is a face view of a bottom plate that may be used for retaining the tumblers and springs in place in the body. Y

'The lock selected for illustration and shown in the drawing comprises a housing body I I having a base I2 adapted to be held in place by screws on the face of the door, window or other movable 5 or kfixed part of a building or other structure which it is desired to secure. A stud I3 projects from the under face of the base and is rmly seated in a hole bored in the support to receive it. as shown inY Fig. 4, thereby preventing removal 50' of the housing from its support when the bolt is in projected position even though the screws be forced from place or removed.

vThe locking bolt I4 is mounted to rotate and slide within a sleeve I5 which may rotateinth' housing through a limited angle but which is held against further movement by a screw IB the inner end of which projects into a slot Il in the side of the sleeve, as shown in Figs. 1', 3 and 6. A spring I8 encircling the bolt between a shoulder thereon and the flanged end I9 of the sleeve nor- 5 mally Vholds the bolt in retracted position as Y shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 7.

The bolt` and sleeve are held in place and guided in the housing by a pin mounted in the bolt and projecting through the slot 2l in the sleeve l0 and into a groove 22V in the inner wall of the housing. This groove is Z-shape in plan, the two end branches serving to hold the pin and thereby the bolt in its two deadlocked positions, and the intermediate connecting portion permitting the bolt l5 to be rotated and moved axially from one deadlocked position to the other. This pin 20 may be driven or screwed into place after the bolt, sleeve and pin. and tumbler mechanism have been assembled, a hole 23 in the housing being provided for permitting its insertion. A keeper 24 is provided in the frame or sill of the door or window to receive the bolt in locking position.

The bolt has an axial slot or keri 25 for the key 26 extendingfromY its butt end axially far enough 25 to permit the key to enter until it engages all the pins2l of the pin and tumbler mechanism to raise" them and the tumblers 28, 29 against the pressure of the springs 30 as is common yin this type of barrel locking mechanism. The bits on the key are cut to raise their respective pins to position the partinglines between them and the tumblers 28, on Athe'dividing surface between the bolt I4 and sleeve I5, as shown in Fig. 2. The sleeve is provided with Vtwo slots 3I, 32, which may aline 35 axially and radially with the sets of tumblers 28, 29, respectively, and are displaceable circumferentially just enough to be out of alinement therewithin the mid-position of the sleeve.

Rotation of the key turns the bolt and also the 40 sleeve until the pin 2D reaches the end of the short cir cumferentialportion of the slot 22 in the housing', at Whichlpoint the key may be pushed into project the bolt intolits locking position, and no movement of the sleeve will occur during the axial movement of. the bolt because the pin 20 runs along in the slot72 I in the sleeve. The initialV rotation ofthesleeve causes the sharp edge of the -slotl 3I t pickup the tumblers `28 and support them out of contact with the bolt Illduring its movementy toand from projected position. v The other set oftumblers 29 ride on the sleeve I5 until it is again rotated at the termination of the axial movement of the bolt when the latter is turned into its deadlocked locking position by further rotation of the ke', whereupon these tumblers 2S drop through the slot 32 in the sleeve (which may be an extension of the slot 3l) and engage the pins or bits'21 in the bolt, which are in alinement with the tumblers 29 in the deadlocking position. Upon removal of the key the tumblers 2t* will depress the pins 21 and enter the holes in the bolt to lock it securely against axial or rotary movement, thereby deadlocking it in projected position.

Upon again inserting the key and reversing its movement, the movement ofthe sleeve in the reverse direction will pick up the tumblers 29 and support both sets oi tumblers until the sleeve is again rotated at the end of the retracting movement of the bolt, whereupon the tumblers 28 will be dropped into the slot 3| and upon Withdrawing the key, will enter the corresponding holes in the bolt, depress the pins 21, and deadlock the bolt in retracted position. The key will be retained in the kerf Y25 during the rotation and axial movement of the bolt by the pins 21 engaging `in the bottoms of the bits, as these pins can only project from their holes in the bolt suiciently to free the key in the two deadlocking positions.

The tumblers and springs 30 are retained in the holes drilled for them in the body by plugs 33, which are driven or screwed into place after these parts have been assembled with the sleeve in its mid-position. The bolt carryingthe pins 21 can then be inserted with the key, and the pin 2i) driven into place through the hole 23 in the body, thereby securing the bolt, sleeve, pins and tumblers in working position. A flat plate 34 (see Fig. 3) may be secured to the base by small screws tol-hold the tumblers and springs if desired, thereby dispensing with the plugs 33. The bolt may be removed Aby reversing the operation; and the sleeve may be removed by Withdrawing the screw I6 and pushing it out with a dummy sleeve or tube of the same size, the tube serving to retain the tumblers and springs in their holes in the body While the sleeve is removed.

The invention is advantageous for all rim. type bolt locks, as the arrangement of the bolts, body and sleeve is very compact as compared with other multi-tumbler locks of the pin and tumbler type, and the pin and tumbler mechanism is rugged and durable notwithstanding the small size of the body. Any desired number of pins and tumblers may be used, three or four sets being sufficient for most purposes, as these provide a wide variety of keycombinations.

The invention isV not restricted to the details of construction and dimensions shown in the drawing, this being illustrative only.

What I claim is as follows:

1. A bolt lock comprising a body, a sleeve mounted to turn therein, a bolt slidable through the sleeve, one end of the bolt being projectable fromr thebody toengage a, keeper andv theother end being slotted lengthwise to receive a key, said bolt having spaced transverse openings intersecting said slot and tumbler pins in said openings, said housing having two sets ofl axially spaced openings respectively mating with said` openings in said bolt Yin retracted and locking position, spring pressed tumblers in each vset of openings in said housing, axially spaced slots in said sleeve, respectively adaptedv to aline with said sets of openings at opposite positions of said sleeve, and means engaging said sleeve forrotating it simultaneously with said bolt whereby said slots respectively uncover one or the other of said-sets of openings in said housing at extreme positions of movement of said bolt.

2. A bolt lock comprising a body, a sleeve mounted to turn therein, means for limiting the turning movement, a bolt slidable through the sleeve, one end of the bolt being projectable from the body to engage a keeper and the other end being slotted lengthwise to receive a key, said bolt having spaced transverse openings intersecting said slot and pins in said openings, said housing having two sets of axially spaced openings respectively mating with said openings in said bolt in retracted and locking position, spring pressed tumblers in each set of openings in said housing, axially spaced slots in said sleeve respectively adapted'to aline with said sets of openings at opposite positions of said sleeve, and means engaging said sleeve for rotating it simultaneously with said bolt whereby said slots respectively uncover one or the other oir said sets of openings in said housing at extreme positions of movement of said bolt, said last named means permitting axial movement of said bolt in said sleeve.

3. A bolt lock comprising a body having a cylindrical bore, a shell mounted for rotation therein, a sliding bolt mounted in said shell, said bore having a lengthwise and circumferentially extending groove provided with transverse grooves at its ends, a slot in said shell corresponding with the axially extending portion of said groove, a pin carried by said bolt projecting through said slot into said groove for guiding said bolt and positioning said shell, locking means for deadlocking said bolt, said means being disengageable from deadlocking position, whereby turning said bolt and shell positions the latter between said deadlocking means and bolt and permits said bolt to slide axially within said sleeve into and from looking position.

4. A bolt lock comprising a body having a cylindrical bore, a shell mounted for rotation therein, a sliding bolt mounted in said shell, said bore having a lengthwise and circumferentially extending groove provided with transverse grooves at its ends, a slot in said shell corresponding with the axially extending portion of said groove, a pin 'carried by said bolt projecting through said slot into said groove for guiding said bolt and positioning said shell, locking means for deadlocking said bolt including tumblers normally engaging the bolt and housing, said tumblers being disengageable from deadlocking position, whereby turning said bolt and shell positions the latter between said tumblers and bolt.

5. A bolt lock having a housing, a shell mounted for rotation therein, a bolt slidably mounted in said shell, o ne end of said bolt being projectable from said shell to engage a keeper in its locking position and the other end being grooved to receive a key, an abutment on said bolt spaced from its projectable end, a coil spring surrounding said bolt between'said abutment and a xed part of said housing for retracting said bolt from locking position, a transverse abutment in said housing intermediate the ends of said bolt, means passing through said shell for engaging said abutment to retain said bolt in locking position against the pressure of said spring, rotation of said shell serving to'disengage said means from said transverse abutment to permitgretraction of the bolt, means for deadlocking said'bolt in locking position, and means'for rendering said deadlocking vmeans ineiective when the key is inserted in the groove in the bolt.

6. A bolt lock having a housing, a shell mounted for rotation therein, said housing having a flange at one end for retaining said shell, a bolt slidably mounted in said shell, one end of said bolt being projectable from said shell to engage a keeper in its locking position and the other end being grooved to receive a key, an abutment on said bolt spaced from its projectable end, a coil spring surrounding said bolt between said abutment and a flange for retracting said bolt from locking position, a transverse abutment in said housing inintermediate the ends of said bolt, means carried by said bolt passing through said shell for engaging said abutment to retain said bolt in locking position against the pressure of said spring, rotation of said shell serving to disengage said means from said transverse abutment to permit retraction of the bolt, means for deadlocking said bolt in locking position, and means for rendering said deadlocking means ineffective when the key is inserted in the groove in the bolt and said bolt and shell are rotated simultaneously.

7. A bolt lock comprising a body provided with a bore having a lengthwise and circumferentially extending groove of Z-shape, a -shell rotatably mounted in said bore having a slot corresponding to the intermediate portion of said groove, a bolt slidably mounted in said shell and having a pin passing through the slot in said shell and slidably engaging in said groove, said bolt having axially spaced tumbler openings in its side and a key slot extending from its butt end to intersect the same, tumbler pins in said openings, said body having tumbler openings in radial alinement with said bolt tumbler openings in deadlocked position of said bolt, spring pressed tumblers in said openings in the body, said shell being perforated to pass said tumblersV in deadlocked position, the perforation opposite each tumbler having an inclined wall adapted to pass between the adjacent tumbler and its operating pin when the latter are set by the proper key, whereby inserting the key raises the pins and tumblers and permits rotation of the Vbolt and shell to separate the locking tumblers from the bolt and free the latter for movement endwise in the shell to the extent permitted by the slot therein, whereupon further rotation of the bolt and shell causes the pin in the bolt to engage in the opposite end portion of the Z-groove to retain the bolt against endwise movement.

8. A bolt lock comprising a body provided with a bore having a lengthwise and circumferentially extending groove of Z-shape, a shell rotatably mounted in said bore having a slot corresponding to the intermediate portion of said groove, a bolt slidably mounted in said shell and having a pin passing through the slot in said shell and slidably engaging in said groove, said bolthaving axially spaced tumbler pin openings in its side and a key slot extending from its butt end to intersect the same, pins in said openings, said body having tumbler openings in radial alinement with said pin openings in two axially spaced deadlocked positions kof said bolt, spring pressed tumblers in said openings in the body, said shell being provided with axially spaced perforations to pass said tumblers in either deadlocked position, the perforation opposite each tumblerfhaving an inclined wall adapted to pass between the adjacent tumbler and its operating pin when the latter are set by the proper key, whereby inserting the key raises the pins and tumblers and permits rotation of thebolt and shell to separate the locking tumblers from the bolt and free the latter for movement endwise in the shell to the extent permitted by the slot therein, whereupon further rotation of the bolt and shell causes the pin in the bolt to engage in the opposite end portion of the Z-groove to retain the bolt against endwise movement, and releases the locking tumblers for deadlocking the bolt in its moved position.

9. In a bolt lock having the body provided with K a bore for a sliding androtating bolt, means for deadlocking said bolt comprising pin and tumbler mechanism, the tumblers being disposed in radial holes in said body, alining holes in the bolt to receive the tumbler pins, a sleeve surrounding said bolt having an opening adapted to aline with said alined holes in deadlocking position to allow passage of said pins and tumblers, an axial kerf in said bolt intersecting the holes for the pins and adapted to receive a bitted key, and means associated with said bolt for guiding it in said body and for turning said sleeve in said housing to Y prevent cooperation of said tumblers and pins, the pins in such turned position of the sleeve being adapted to prevent withdrawal of the key.

10. In a bolt lock having the body provided with a bore for a sliding and rotating bolt, means for deadlocking said bolt comprising pin and tumbler mechanism, the tumblers being disposed in radial holes in said body, alining holes in the bolt toreceive the pins, a sleeve surrounding said bolt having an opening adapted to aline with said alined holes in deadlocking position to pass said pins and tumblers, an axial kerf in said bolt intersecting the holes for the pins and adapted to Yreceive a bitted key, and means for guiding said bolt in its movement in said housing, said means permitting turning movement of said bolt and sleeve relative to the housing, and thereby preventing Withdrawal of the key. 

